Current topics in the fields of sustainability:

• Energy-efficient desalination systems
• Functional interfaces and interphases in energy materials
• Novel approaches to understand ion transport relevant to sustainable energy systems
• Sustainable electrolytes for energy storage devices

Futher information about our research can be found on our website or in the publications listed below.

General relationship between salt concentration and X-ray absorption for binary electrolytes
H.-G. Steinrück
AIP Adv. 11, 115119 (2021).

Using in situ high energy x-ray diffraction to quantify electrode behavior of Li-ion batteries from extreme fast charging
P. P. Paul, C. Cao, V. Thampy, H.-G. Steinrück, T. R. Tanim, A. R. Dunlop, S. E. Trask, A. N. Jansen, E. J. Dufek, J. Nelson Weker, M. F. Toney
ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 4, 11590-11598 (2021).

Toward unraveling the origin of lithium fluoride in the solid electrolyte interphase
C. Cao, T. P. Pollard, O. Borodin, J. E. Mars, Y. Tsao, M. R. Lukatskaya, R. M. Kasse, M. Schroeder, K. Xu, M. F. Toney, H.-G. Steinrück
Chem. Mater. 33, 7315-7336 (2021).

Water or Anion? Uncovering Zn2+ Solvation Environment in Mixed Zn(TFSI)2 and LiTFSI Water-in-Salt Electrolytes
Y. Zhang, G. Wan, N. H. C. Lewis, J. Mars, S. E. Bone, H.-G. Steinrück, M. R. Lukatskaya, N. J. Weadock, M. Bajdich, O. Borodin, A. Tokmakoff, M. F. Toney, E. J. Maginn
ACS Energy Lett. 6, 3458-3463 (2021).

Quantification of efficiency in lithium metal negative electrodes via operando X-ray diffraction
N. R. Geise, R. M. Kasse, J. Nelson Weker, H.-G. Steinrück, M. F. Toney
Chem. Mater. 33, 7537-7545 (2021).

Orientation-Dependent Distortion of Lamellae in a Block Copolymer Electrolyte under Dc Polarization
M. D. Galluzzo, L. S. Grundy, C. J. Takacs, C. Cao, H.-G. Steinrück, S. Fu, M. A. Rivas Valadez, M. F. Toney, N. P. Balsara
Macromolecules 54, 7808-7824 (2021).

Quantification of heterogeneous, irreversible lithium plating in extreme fast charging of Li-ion batteries
P. P. Paul, V. Thampy, C. Cao, H.-G. Steinrück, T. R. Tanim, A. R. Dunlop, E. J. Dufek, S. E. Trask, A. N. Jansen, M. F. Toney, J. Nelson Weker
Energy Environ. Sci. 14, 4979-4988 (2021).

Water-in-Salt LiTFSI Aqueous Electrolytes. 1. Liquid Structure from Combined Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Studies
Y. Zhang, N. H. C. Lewis, J. Mars, G. Wan, N. J. Weadock, C. J. Takacs, M. R. Lukatskaya, H.-G. Steinrück, M. F. Toney, A. Tokmakoff, E. J. Maginn
J. Phys. Chem. B, 2021, 125, 4501-4513.

Modeling cyclic voltammetry during solid electrolyte interphase formation: Baseline scenario of a dynamically evolving tunneling barrier resulting from a homogeneous single-phase insulating film
H.-G. Steinrück
J. Chem. Phys., 2021, 154, 174703.

A Review of Existing and Emerging Methods for Lithium Detection and Characterization in Li-ion and Li-metal Batteries
P. P. Paul, E. J. McShane, A. M. Colclasure, D. E. Brown, N. Balsara, C. Cao, B.-R. Chen, P. R. Chinnam, Y. Cui, E. J. Dufek, D. P. Finegan, S. Gillard, W. Huang, Z. M. Konz, R. Kostecki, F. Liu, S. Lubner, R. Prasher, M. B. Preefer, J. Qian, M.-T. Fonseca Rodrigues, M. Schnabel, S.-B. Son, V. Srinivasan, H.-G. Steinrück, T. R. Tanim, M. F. Toney, W. Tong, F. Usseglio-Viretta, J. Wan, M. Yusuf, B. D. McCloskey, J. Nelson Weker
Adv. Energy Mater., 2021, 11, 2100372.

Visualization of Dynamic Polaronic Strain Fields in Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites
B. Guzelturk, T. Winkler, T. Van de Goor, M. D. Smith, S. A. Bourelle, S. Feldmann, M. Trigo, S. Teitelbaum, H.-G. Steinrück, G. A. de la Pena, R. Alonso-Mori, D. Zhu, T. Sato, H. I. Karunadasa, M. F. Toney, F. Deschler, A. M. Lindenberg
Nat. Mater., 2021, 20, 618-623.

Concentration and Velocity Profiles in a Polymeric Lithium-ion Battery Electrolyte
H.-G. Steinrück, C. J. Takacs, H.-K. Kim, D. M. Mackanic, B. Holladay, C. Cao, S. Narayanan, E. M. Dufresne, Y. Chushkin, B. Ruta, F. Zontone, J. Will, O. Borodin, S. K. Sinha, V. Srinivasan, M. F. Toney
Energy Environ. Sci., 2020, 13, 4312-4321.

Interfacial Speciation Determines Interfacial Chemistry: X-ray-Induced Lithium Fluoride Formation from Water-in-salt Electrolytes on Solid Surfaces
H.-G. Steinrück, C. Cao, M. R. Lukatskaya, C. J. Takacs, G. Wan, D. G. Mackanic, Y. Tsao, J. Zhao, B. A. Helms, K. Xu, O. Borodin, J. F. Wishart, M. F. Toney
Angew. Chem, 2020, 132, 23380 – 23387; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2020, 59, 23180-23187.

Time-Resolved Structural Kinetics of an Organic Mixed Ionic Electronic Conductors
B. D. Paulsen, R. Wu, C. J. Takacs, H.-G. Steinrück, J. Strzalka, Q. Zhang, M. F. Toney, J. Rivnay
Adv. Mater., 2020, 32, 2003404.

Understanding Additive Controlled Lithium Morphology in Lithium Metal Batteries
R. M. Kasse, N. R. Geise, J. S. Ko, J. Nelson Weker, H.-G. Steinrück, M. F. Toney
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 16960-16972.

Advanced Characterization in Clean Water Technologies
S. E. Bone, H.-G. Steinrück, M. F. Toney
Joule, 2020, 4, 1637-1659.

Heterogeneous Behavior of Lithium Plating During Extreme Fast Charging
T. Tanim, P. Paul, V. Thampy, C. Cao, H.-G. Steinrück, J. Nelson Weker, M. F. Toney, E. J. Dufek, M. C. Evans, A. N. Jansen, B. J. Polzin, A. R. Dunlop, S. E. Trask
Cell Rep. Phys. Sci., 2020, 1, 100114.

Impact of Processing on Structural and Compositional Evolution in Mixed Metal Halide Perovskites during Film Formation
M. Abdelsamie, J. Xu, K. Bruening, C. J. Tassone, H.-G. Steinrück, M. F. Toney
Adv. Funct. Mater., 2020, 30, 2001752.

GIWAXS-SIIRkit: Scattering Intensity, Indexing, and Refraction Calculation Toolkit for Grazing Incidence Wide Angle X-ray Scattering of Organic Materials
V. Savikhin, H.-G. Steinrück, R.-Z. Liang, B. A. Collins, S. D. Oosterhout, P. M. Beaujuge, M. F. Toney
J. Appl. Crystallogr. 53, 2020, 1108-1129.